How Does Motivational Interviewing Work? (From Counseling Approaches to its Philosophy)
Most people with an
online counseling degree
background know that Motivational Interviewing (MI) came about as a therapeutic counseling.
In context, as a model for eliciting change it is useful as a coaching approach and should be in your coaching toolbox.
What is motivational interviewing?
MI is a style of counseling for changing behavior.
It helps clients explore and resolve ambivalence, and find the best possible solution.
Like coaching, it's goal driven and focused towards solving internal conflict and bring about change.
What are the main aspects of MI?
Motivational interviewing is non-judgmental, non-confrontational and non-adversarial.
Change is sought from the client, it is not imposed by a coach from the outside. It helps by identifying our intrinsic values and goals with the goal of stimulating intrinsic behavior change.
It is the client's task to identify and to resolve ambivalence. A coach will gently guide a client to express the ambivalence and work towards an acceptable outcome in line with their values.
Proponents of motivational interviewing believe that verbal persuasion is not an effective method for resolving internal conflict. Pro-active listening is a key element in this model.
The role of the coach is to help someone examine and resolve ambivalence, being that ambivalence is the principal obstacle to trigger change. The relationship is more akin to a partnership in change.
What does it focus on?
The guiding factor in motivational interviewing is examining and resolving ambivalence.
It directly pursues this goal by asking questions and acting as a soundboard for the client to resolve their own conflict and bring about change.
Coaches help by being the catalyst through which a client can envisage a better future, and become increasingly motivated to achieve it.
It allows people to think differently about their behavior and ultimately to consider what might be gained by changing.
What are its guiding principles?
Motivational Interviewing is shaped by a guiding philosophy and understanding of what triggers change. It's guiding principles are:
Expressing empathy, coaches share with clients their understanding of the clients' perspective.
Developing discrepancy, which help clients appreciate the value of change by exploring the discrepancy between how clients want their lives to be vs. how they currently are (or between their deeply-held values and their day-to-day behavior).
Rolling with resistance, clients accept reluctance to change as natural rather than pathological.
Supporting self-efficacy, clients explicitly embrace autonomy (even when clients choose to not change) and help clients move toward change successfully and with confidence.
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